Formulae
1. Mass percentage of a Component = Mass of
component in solution x100
Toal mass of solution
2. Volume percentage of a
Component =
Volume of component X100
Total
volume of solution
3. Mole fraction of a C omponent (x) = Number of moles of component
Total number of moles of all components
4. ppm = Number of parts of component x 106
Total
number of parts of all components of solution
5. Molarity (M) = Number of moles of solute
Volume
of solution in litres
6. Molality (m) =
Number of moles of solute
Mass of solvent in kilograms
7. Normality (N) = Number of gram equivalent of solute
Volume
of solution in litres
8. X2
= P0A --PT
P0A
9. △ Tb = Tb - T0b
△Tb = Kb x 1000 x w2
M2×w1
10. △ Tf = T0b - Tb
△Tf = Kf × 1000 × w2
M2×w1
11. 𝝅 = CRT
12. i = Normal molar mass
Abnormal molar mass
i = Observed
colligative property
Calculated colligative property
i = Total
number of moles of particles after association/dissociation
Total number of moles of particles
before association/dissociation
13. △Tb = i
Kb × 1000
× w2
M2×w1
14. △Tf = i
Kf × 1000 × w2
M2×w1
15. 𝝅 = iCRT
10. △ Tf = T0b - Tb
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