Chapter – 5

States of Matter

Syllabus:

ü Introduction

Ø London or Dispersion Force

Ø Dipole – Dipole Force

Ø Dipole – Induced Dipole

Ø Hydrogen Bond

 

ü Thermal Energy

ü Gas Laws

Ø Boyle’s Law

Ø Charle’s Law

Ø Gay Lussac’s Law

Ø Avogadro’s Law

Ø Dalton’s Law

 

ü Standard Temperature and Pressure

ü Ideal Gas Equation

ü Combined Gas Law

ü Partial Pressure in Term of Mole Fraction

ü Kinetic Molecular Theory of Gases

ü Behaviour of Real Gases

ü Liquification of Gases

 

ü The Liquid State

Ø Vapour Pressure

Ø Boiling Point

Ø Surface Tension

Ø Viscosity

 

 

ü Introduction: Matter is anything that occupies space and has a definite mass. Matter mainly exists in three different states – solid, liquid and gaseous state.

Solids have a definite shape and definite volume. This is because in solids the particles are closely packed and so the intermolecular force of attraction is greater.

Liquids have no definite shape but have definite volume. In liquids, the intermolecular force of attraction is smaller than that in solids. So, the particles do not have a fixed position.

Gases have no definite shape and volume. Here the particles are far apart and hence they have no force of attraction.


Difference Between three States of Matter