v). Redox Reaction: A reaction in which reduction and oxidation takes place
simultaneously.
ü ZnO
(s) + C (s) → Zn (s)
+ CO (g)
Zinc Carbon
Zinc Carbon
Oxide Monoxide
vi).
Oxidation Reaction: Oxidation is the gain of oxygen. For example:
ü 2 Cu (s) + O2 (g) → 2 CuO
(s) (Black)
Copper Oxygen Copper Oxide
ü 2 Mg(s) + O2 (g) → 2MgO
(s)
Magnesium Oxygen Magnesium Oxide
OR
Removal
of hydrogen is also oxidation.
For Example:
ü 2HI (g) →
H2 (g) +
I2 (g)
Hydrogen
Hydrogen Iodine
Iodic Acid
VII). Reduction Reaction: Reduction is the gain
of hydrogen. For example:
ü H2 (g)
+ Cl2 (g) → 2 HCl
Hydrogen
Chlorine Hydrochloric Acid
OR
Removal of oxygen
is also reduction. Foe Example:
ü CuO
(s) +
CO (g) → Cu (s)
+ CO2 (g)
Copper Oxide Carbon Copper Carbon Dioxide
(Black) Monoxide (Reddish
Brown)
ü ZnO
(s) + C (s) → Zn (s)
+ CO (g)
Zinc Carbon
Zinc Carbon
Oxide Monoxide
v Oxidation: The
process in which there is loss of electrons.
v Reduction: The
process in which there is gain of electrons.
v Oxidizing Agent: A substance that brings about oxidation.
v Reducing Agents: A substance that brings about reduction.
viii). Endothermic Reactions: Reaction
in which heat is absorbed to carry out
the
chemical reaction. For Example:
ü CaCO3 (s) + Heat → CaO (s) + CO2 (g) Calcium Calcium Carbon
Carbonate Oxide Dioxide
ü C(s)
+ H2 O (s) + Heat
→
CO (g) + H2 (g)
Carbon Carbon
Monoxide (Evolve)
ix). Exothermic Reactions: Reaction in which
heat is evolved during the chemical
reaction. For Example:
ü C + O2
→
CO2 (g) + heat
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