Acids, Bases and Salts Part - 7 | Class 10th

Ø Common Salt:

F Chemical name: Sodium chloride

F Common salt is a neutral salt and can be prepared in the laboratory by the reaction of sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid.         

NaOH(aq)       + HCl(aq)    →         NaCl(aq)  +   H2O(aq)

F It is an important raw material for products of daily use such as NaOH, baking soda, washing soda and bleaching powder.

Ø  Sodium Hydroxide :

F Preparation: It is obtained by the electrolytic decomposition of solution of sodium chloride (brine). In the process of electrolytic decomposition of brine (Brine: aqueous solution of sodium chloride), brine decomposes to form sodium hydroxide. In this process, chlorine is obtained at anode and hydrogen gas is obtained at cathode as by products. This whole process is known as Chlor-Alkali process (i.e. ‘chlor’ for chlorine and ‘alkali’ for sodium hydroxide).

2NaCl + 2H₂O → 2NaOH + Cl₂ + H₂